2 Chronicles 4:5

Authorized King James Version

And the thickness of it was an handbreadth, and the brim of it like the work of the brim of a cup, with flowers of lilies; and it received and held three thousand baths.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְעָבְי֣וֹ
And the thickness
density, i.e., depth or width
#2
טֶ֔פַח
of it was an handbreadth
a spread of the hand, i.e., a palm-breadth (not 'span' of the fingers); architecturally, a corbel (as a supporting palm)
#3
שְׂפַת
and the brim
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
#4
כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂ֣ה
of it like the work
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
#5
שְׂפַת
and the brim
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
#6
כּ֔וֹס
of a cup
a cup (as a container), often figuratively, some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye)
#7
פֶּ֖רַח
with flowers
a calyx (natural or artificial); generally, bloom
#8
שֽׁוֹשַׁנָּ֑ה
of lilies
a lily (from its whiteness), as a flower of architectural ornament; also a (straight) trumpet (from the tubular shape)
#9
מַֽחֲזִ֣יק
and it received
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restra
#10
בַּתִּ֔ים
baths
a bath or hebrew measure (as a means of division) of liquids
#11
שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת
three
three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice
#12
אֲלָפִ֖ים
thousand
hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand
#13
יָכִֽיל׃
and held
properly, to keep in; hence, to measure; figuratively, to maintain (in various senses)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Chronicles. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection